321 Frost Ave

Rochester, NY 14608

$7,999C-

4 bd · 2.0 ba · 2,049 sqft · Built 1920 · Land · Active · 181 DOM

Cashflow @ list (25.0% down · 7.5%)

• Estimated rent: $1,779/mo
• Mortgage (P&I): −$42
• Tax + insurance: −$7
• HOA: −$0
• Vac / Maint / Mgmt: −$374
• Net cashflow: $1,356/mo
• Annual: $16,277/yr
• Cap rate: 209.79%
• Cash-on-cash: 726.76%
• DSCR: 33.34
• 1% rule: 22.24%
• Cash to close: $2,240

Investor read

• This is a 4-bed/2.0-bath land listed at $8k.
• At list price, monthly cash flow is $1k ($16k/yr) — positive.
• The deal already cash-flows at list — no discount required.
• Meets the 1% rule at list price ($2k rent vs $8k).
• It's been on market 181 days — a 12% lower offer ($7k) is reasonable based on typical stale-listing flexibility.
• Recommended offer: $7k (12.0% below list) — sets the bar for market timing.
• In year one you build about $350 of equity ($55 loan paydown + $295 appreciation (3.7% local appreciation)).
• Location reads 76/100 on livability (#222 in NY, #3,482 nationally) — a middle-class / working-renter tenant base. Strengths: commute A+, cost of living A+, housing A+; Watch: schools D+, crime F, employment F.
• Rochester City School District (urban): math 21% / reading 26% proficiency, ranked #589 of 590 in NY (top 100%) — low school quality limits family demand, transient renter base, plan for 1-2y turnover; 82% free/reduced lunch — lower-income household profile, screen leases tightly.
• Watch-outs: built in 1920 — expect roof / HVAC / electrical / plumbing capex.
• Market conditions: Rents rising fast (+6.6%/yr); 51 active listings in the ZIP; 15 comparable units currently listed for rent nearby; rentals at typical pace (median 15d on market — plan ~3-4 weeks tenant-placement turnaround); lower-income renter base — watch delinquency; 1,169 units permitted in Monroe County in 2024 (591 in 5+ unit buildings).
• Monroe County population projected to shrink 6% by 2050 — rents likely to lag national; underwrite the cash flow, not the appreciation.
• 2 sale attempts; this cycle's ask has dropped $2k (20%) from the opening price — seller is motivated, your offer sets the floor, not the list.
• At projected returns (3.7% appreciation + 6.6% rent growth), your $2k cash investment doubles in ~1 year — after that, you're playing with house money.
• Cap rate 209.8% vs local median 9.3% in Rochester — top-decile yield for the area; either an underpriced asset or a hidden risk that comps aren't pricing in. Stress-test before assuming the spread holds.
• At $1,779/mo this rent would consume 53% of the median local household income ($41k/yr) (locally 1300% of renters already pay >50% of income on rent) — very limited rent-growth headroom before tenants either downsize or default.

Questions for listing agent

• It's been on market 181 days. Have you received any prior offers? Is the seller open to a 12% concession, seller financing, or rate buy-down credit?
• Built in 1920 — when were the roof, HVAC, electrical panel, plumbing, and water heater last replaced?
• Why hasn't it sold? Are there any deal-killer items the seller is aware of (foundation, flood, title, zoning, code violations)?
• Is there a deadline driving the sale (1031 exchange, divorce, estate, relocation)? That informs how much negotiation room exists.
• Schools are D-rated, which usually means shorter tenancies and higher turnover. Who's the typical renter profile here, and what's been the actual vacancy rate?
• Crime grade is F in this area — have there been break-ins, vandalism, or insurance claims at this property in the last 3 years? What carrier currently insures it and at what premium?
• What's the average days-on-market for RENTAL listings here right now (not sales)? A rising rental-DOM trend means longer vacancies and softer asking-rent achievability than the comps imply.
• What's the recent tenant-quality profile in this submarket — average credit score on applications, eviction rate, late-payment / NSF rate, and stable-employment percentage? A property-management company in the area should have these aggregated.