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12948 S State Route 31 Unit 31-44
D+ Composite 49.93
Why this score? — see what drove the D+ grade

The composite is a weighted blend of 9 inputs, each scored 0–100. Each bar is that input's sub-score; the figure is the points it added to the 100-point composite (weight × sub-score).

  • Cash flow +15.0/30.0
  • ARV discount +15.0/15.0
  • 1% rule +5.0/10.0
  • DSCR +5.0/10.0
  • Schools +2.8/10.0
  • Livability +2.5/5.0
  • Condition / age +2.5/5.0
  • Rent growth +2.1/5.0
  • Appreciation +0.0/10.0

$18,000

12948 S State Route 31 Unit 31-44 · Bennetts Switch, IN 46901
3 bd · 2.0 ba · 980 sqft · Manufactured · 297 Days on market
Built 2025 $18/sqft · 40% below area Est $30k · 40% under ↓ 38% since listing

🖨 Deal sheet 📄 Offer letter ✓ Due diligence

Listing remarks MLS

* THIS IS A RESALE LISTING * You'll love living in this 3 bedroom, 2 bathroom home within a wonderful family-friendly community. Check out the awesome amenities your community has to offer such as a playground, community events, a clubhouse, and more! This home won't be on the market long, so call us today for more information or to schedule a tour. Deposits & Fees are subject to change.

Key facts

  • Built 2025
  • Listed 296 days

Neighborhood map

Property Rental comp Retail Transit Schools Stadiums Fortune 500 · Circle radius: 3.0 mi
Loading POIs…

What this means for you Summary

Snapshot

  • This is a 3-bed/2.0-bath manufactured listed at $18k.

Deal economics

  • At list price, monthly cash flow is $834 ($10k/yr) — positive.
  • The deal already cash-flows at list — no discount required.
  • Meets the 1% rule at list price ($1k rent vs $18k).
  • Recommended offer: $16k (12.0% below list) — sets the bar for market timing.

Location & tenants

  • Location reads: area grade D — affects rentability + tenant quality, not the cash-flow math above.
  • Maconaquah School Corporation (rural): math 25% / reading 40% proficiency, ranked #213 of 301 in IN (top 71%) — families likely to look elsewhere, expect single-tenant / working-renter base with shorter leases.
  • Market conditions: Rents soft (-1.5%/yr); 242 active listings in the ZIP; 35 units permitted in Miami County in 2024 (0 in 5+ unit buildings).

Forward outlook

  • Local home prices are declining (-3.0%/yr); year-one equity from $124 of loan paydown is wiped out by about $540 of value loss. Plan a longer hold.
  • Miami County population projected at -12% by 2050 — secular population decline; favor cash flow + early exit over multi-decade hold.
  • At projected returns (-3.0% appreciation + 0.0% rent growth), your $5k cash investment doubles in ~1 year — after that, you're playing with house money.

Negotiation context

  • It's been on market 297 days — a 12% lower offer ($16k) is reasonable based on typical stale-listing flexibility.
  • 2 sale attempts; this cycle's ask has dropped $10k (36%) from the opening price — seller is motivated, your offer sets the floor, not the list.
Recommended offer $15,840 (12.0% below list)

Questions for the listing agent

  1. It's been on market 297 days. Have you received any prior offers? Is the seller open to a 12% concession, seller financing, or rate buy-down credit?
  2. Why hasn't it sold? Are there any deal-killer items the seller is aware of (foundation, flood, title, zoning, code violations)?
  3. Is there a deadline driving the sale (1031 exchange, divorce, estate, relocation)? That informs how much negotiation room exists.
  4. The area grade is low — what's the realistic commute time and amenity access for the typical tenant pool here? Any planned neighborhood developments (good or bad) we should know about?
  5. What's the average days-on-market for RENTAL listings here right now (not sales)? A rising rental-DOM trend means longer vacancies and softer asking-rent achievability than the comps imply.
  6. What's the recent tenant-quality profile in this submarket — average credit score on applications, eviction rate, late-payment / NSF rate, and stable-employment percentage? A property-management company in the area should have these aggregated.
  7. How much new for-sale + rental construction is in the pipeline within 1–3 miles? Heavy new supply typically softens prices + rents 12–24 months out; constrained supply supports both.

Investment metrics

1% rule
6.74%
Cap rate
61.90%
Cash-on-cash
198.60%
DSCR
9.84
GRM
1.2

CMA / ARV

ARV (median comp)
$30,000
List price
$18,000
Delta
-40.00%
Verdict
UNDERPRICED
Comps
1 within 2.0 mi

Projected returns pro-forma

-3.0% appreciation · 0.0% rent growth · sell at horizon

5-year hold
IRR
Equity multiple
10.26×
Total profit
$46,672
Equity at exit
$2,684
10-year hold
IRR
Equity multiple
19.93×
Total profit
$95,383
Equity at exit
$1,556

Cash invested: $5,040 (down + closing). Projections, not guarantees.

Landlord ↔ Tenant lean methodology

Overall (STATE)
90 Strongly Landlord-Friendly
State Indiana
90 Strongly Landlord-Friendly · R+11
County
— inherits STATE
City
— inherits STATE
10-day pay-or-quit; landlord-favorable; preempted.

ZIP-level market 46901

Home prices YoY
-24.4%
Rents YoY
-1.5%
Active inventory
242
Price-to-rent
1.2×

Monthly cashflow live

Estimated rent
$1,213 medium interval (Pro) →
Mortgage (P&I)
$94
Tax est. 1.5%
$22 /mo · $270/yr
Insurance
$8
HOA
$0
Vacancy / Maint / Mgmt
$255
Net cashflow
$834

Break-even live

Break-even rent $157
Max offer price $18,000
Occupancy floor 26%

UW: 25.0% down · 7.5% · 30yr · 1.5% tax · 5.0% vac · 8.0% maint · 8.0% mgmt

Financing live

Cash to close

Down payment
$4,500
Closing costs
$540
Reserves months
Total cash needed

Loan-product check · same deal, 3 products live

Conventional

25% down · 7.5% · 30yr

Down + closing
Monthly P&I
Monthly cashflow
DSCR
Eligible?

Personal DTI + credit; lowest rate.

DSCR

20% down · 8.5% · 30yr

Down + closing
Monthly P&I
Monthly cashflow
DSCR
Eligible?

No personal income docs; deal must DSCR.

Hard money

10% down · 12.0% · 12mo

Down + closing
Monthly P&I
Monthly cashflow
DSCR
Eligible?

Short-term bridge; refi at stabilization.

Listing history 22 events

  1. 2026-06-19
    days on market $18,000 Active 297 DOM
  2. 2026-06-18
    days on market $18,000 Active 296 DOM
  3. 2026-06-17
    days on market $18,000 Active 295 DOM
  4. 2026-06-16
    days on market $18,000 Active 294 DOM
  5. 2026-06-15
    days on market $18,000 Active 293 DOM
  6. 2026-06-14
    days on market $18,000 Active 291 DOM
  7. 2026-06-13
    days on market $18,000 Active 290 DOM
  8. 2026-06-10
    days on market $18,000 Active 288 DOM
  9. 2026-06-09
    days on market $18,000 Active 287 DOM
  10. 2026-06-08
    days on market $18,000 Active 286 DOM
  11. 2026-06-07
    days on market $18,000 Active 285 DOM
  12. 2026-06-05
    days on market $18,000 Active 282 DOM
  13. 2026-06-02
    days on market $18,000 Active 280 DOM
  14. 2026-06-01
    pricedays on market $18,000 Active 279 DOM
  15. 2026-05-31
    days on market $17,500 Active 278 DOM
  16. 2026-05-30
    days on market $17,500 Active 277 DOM
  17. 2026-02-01
    price $17,500 399-char remark
    Show marketing remark (399 chars)

    * THIS IS A RESALE LISTING * You'll love living in this 3 bedroom, 2 bathroom home within a wonderful family-friendly community. Check out the awesome amenities your community has to offer such as a playground, community events, a clubhouse, and more! This home won't be on the market long, so call us today for more information or to schedule a tour. Deposits & Fees are subject to change.

  18. 2026-01-28
    status Active 399-char remark
    Show marketing remark (399 chars)

    * THIS IS A RESALE LISTING * You'll love living in this 3 bedroom, 2 bathroom home within a wonderful family-friendly community. Check out the awesome amenities your community has to offer such as a playground, community events, a clubhouse, and more! This home won't be on the market long, so call us today for more information or to schedule a tour. Deposits & Fees are subject to change.

  19. 2025-11-19
    historical 399-char remark
    Show marketing remark (399 chars)

    * THIS IS A RESALE LISTING * You'll love living in this 3 bedroom, 2 bathroom home within a wonderful family-friendly community. Check out the awesome amenities your community has to offer such as a playground, community events, a clubhouse, and more! This home won't be on the market long, so call us today for more information or to schedule a tour. Deposits & Fees are subject to change.

  20. 2025-11-01
    price $18,000 399-char remark
    Show marketing remark (399 chars)

    * THIS IS A RESALE LISTING * You'll love living in this 3 bedroom, 2 bathroom home within a wonderful family-friendly community. Check out the awesome amenities your community has to offer such as a playground, community events, a clubhouse, and more! This home won't be on the market long, so call us today for more information or to schedule a tour. Deposits & Fees are subject to change.

  21. 2025-06-19
    price $23,000 399-char remark
    Show marketing remark (399 chars)

    * THIS IS A RESALE LISTING * You'll love living in this 3 bedroom, 2 bathroom home within a wonderful family-friendly community. Check out the awesome amenities your community has to offer such as a playground, community events, a clubhouse, and more! This home won't be on the market long, so call us today for more information or to schedule a tour. Deposits & Fees are subject to change.

  22. 2025-06-17
    listed $28,000 Active 399-char remark
    Show marketing remark (399 chars)

    * THIS IS A RESALE LISTING * You'll love living in this 3 bedroom, 2 bathroom home within a wonderful family-friendly community. Check out the awesome amenities your community has to offer such as a playground, community events, a clubhouse, and more! This home won't be on the market long, so call us today for more information or to schedule a tour. Deposits & Fees are subject to change.

ⓘ Source: listings_history table (triggers on properties + properties_extension) + one-shot backfill from property_details.listing_events for pre-trigger history.

Climate risk First Street

  • 🌊 Flood 1/10 Low FEMA zone X (unshaded) · 0% chance over 30 yrs
  • 🔥 Wildfire 1/10 Low
  • 🌡 Heat 3/10 Moderate 7 d/yr ≥101°F today · 17 d/yr by 30 yrs out
  • 💨 Wind 2/10 Low 0% chance of damaging wind over 30 yrs
  • 🫁 Air quality 2/10 Low 1 unhealthy d/yr today · 2 by 30 yrs out

Nearby sold comps map

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Walkable amenities ~0.75 mi

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Taxation est. · year 1

Rental income
$14,560
− Mortgage interest
−$1,008
− Property taxes
−$270
− Insurance
−$90
− Repairs & maintenance
−$1,165
− Management
−$1,165
− Depreciation
−$524
Taxable income
$10,338
combined federal + state — saved on this device
Est. tax owed @ 24.0%
−$2,481
After-tax cash flow
$7,528/yr

For passive investors: Depreciation is non-cash, so a rental often shows a tax loss while cash-flowing — sheltering income. Rental losses are passive: they offset passive income freely, and up to $25,000/yr can offset ordinary (W-2) income if you actively participate and your MAGI is under $100k (phasing out to $0 by $150k); unused losses carry forward. On sale, claimed depreciation is recaptured at up to 25%, and gains may owe capital-gains tax (a 1031 exchange can defer both). Figures are a year-1 estimate at your 24.0% rate — not tax advice; consult a CPA.

Schools (NCES district)

District
Maconaquah School Corporation
NCES district ID
1806090
Math proficiency
25% ▼ -12.00%
Reading proficiency
40% ▼ -6.00%
Median HH income
$47,296
Composite
27.96/100
National rank
#6859
State rank
#213 of 301 in IN

Livability — Bennetts Switch

No livability data for this city. (Only ~50 U.S. cities are tracked.)

Census & demographics

County
Howard County · 75,099 people
Metro
Kokomo, IN
Population (ZIP)
38,082
Household income
$60,495
Rent vs Own
30.0% rent · 70.0% own
Severe rent burden
1116.0

Population outlook (Miami County) Hauer SSP2

Today (2025)
34,421 people
By 2030
33,571 · -2.5%
By 2040
31,919 · -7.3%
By 2050
30,313 · -11.9%
By 2075
26,202 · -23.9%
By 2100
20,856 · -39.4%

Race, ethnicity, and origin ACS 2023

Neighborhood character
Predominantly White (83%)
Race & ethnicity
White 83% Black 9% Two or more races 5% Hispanic / Latino 4%
Common ancestry
Italian 2% Romanian 2% Slovak 1%
Foreign-born
1% · Canada
Languages at home
96% English-only · German/W. Germanic 1% Spanish 1%

Political lean MEDSL · Miami

2024 margin
Solid R (+54.5) · D 21.8% · R 76.3% · Other 1.9%
2008→2024 swing
-35.1pp toward R · 2008: -19.5pp · 2024: -54.5pp
All cycles
2024: R+54.5 2020: R+53.1 2016: R+53.6 2012: R+30.9 2008: R+19.5

Not yet ingested

Civics

Market trends

HPI YoY
▼ -78.40%
Current HPI
242.2565
Rent YoY
▼ -1.47%
Metro
Kokomo, IN
State GDP YoY
▲ 2.90%
F500 in state
18

Industry mix (Fortune 500 HQ in IN)

Industry F500 HQs Revenue

Price history

-37.5% since first listed
6 events — show timeline
  • 2026-02-01 Price Changed $17,500 Zillow
  • 2026-01-28 Relisted Zillow
  • 2025-11-19 Delisted Zillow
  • 2025-11-01 Price Changed $18,000 Zillow
  • 2025-06-19 Price Changed $23,000 Zillow
  • 2025-06-17 Listed $28,000 Zillow

Cash-flow waterfall

monthly

Sold comps — $/sqft

last 12 mo · ≤1 mi

Loading sold comps…