411 Cardinal Ave · Killeen, TX 76541

$133,700

3 bd · 1.0 ba · 1,399 sqft · SingleFamily public records · 103 Days on market

Built 1961 9,295 sqft lot $96/sqft · at area comps Est $140k · at est. ↓ 4% since listing

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Why this score? — see what drove the D grade

The composite is a weighted blend of 9 inputs, each scored 0–100. Each bar is that input's sub-score; the figure is the points it added to the 100-point composite (weight × sub-score).

• Cash flow +9.9/30.0
• ARV discount +9.5/15.0
• Appreciation +6.1/10.0
• 1% rule +3.5/10.0
• Livability +3.2/5.0
• Schools +3.0/10.0
• DSCR +2.8/10.0
• Condition / age +2.5/5.0
• Rent growth +2.0/5.0

Listing remarks MLS

Great investment opportunity! This well-maintained home is being sold as is and offers excellent potential. The roof was replaced in 2025, providing added peace of mind for the next owner. The second living area has been completely remodeled, offering flexible space for a family room, or entertainment area. The property features siding on all exterior surfaces and a large fenced backyard, perfect for outdoor enjoyment. Show anytime!

Key facts

• Roof replaced
• 9,295 sq ft lot
• Built 1961

Tags

• ROOF REPLACED
• SECOND LIVING AREA REMODELED
• LARGE FENCED BACKYARD

What this means for you Summary

Snapshot

• This is a 3-bed/1.0-bath single-family listed at $134k.

Deal economics

• At list price, monthly cash flow is $-84 ($-1k/yr) — negative.
• To cash-flow at today's rent, offer at most $119k (11.1% below list).
• To meet the 1% rule (rent ≥ 1% of price), the offer needs to be $113k (15.5% below list).
• Recommended offer: $113k (15.5% below list) — sets the bar for 1% rule.
• Cap rate 5.5% vs local median 3.9% in Killeen — top-decile yield for the area; either an underpriced asset or a hidden risk that comps aren't pricing in. Stress-test before assuming the spread holds.

Location & tenants

• Location reads 63/100 on livability (#853 in TX) — a middle-class / working-renter tenant base. Strengths: cost of living A+, housing A+; Watch: amenities D, employment D, crime D-.
• Killeen ISD (urban): math 31% / reading 38% proficiency, ranked #524 of 826 in TX (top 63%) — families likely to look elsewhere, expect single-tenant / working-renter base with shorter leases.
• Zoned schools: Killeen H S (math 29% / reading 40%, grade F, #963 of 1,632 statewide, top 61%, 2,076 students, 69% FRL) — zoned schools average 69% FRL vs 47% district-wide (22 pts higher); higher-poverty schools than district average — tighter screening recommended.
• Market conditions: Rents soft (-2.0%/yr); 126 active listings in the ZIP; 40 comparable units currently listed for rent nearby; rentals lingering (median 46d on market — plan ~5-8 weeks vacancy on turnover, expect pricing pressure); 55% of comp listings sitting > 30 days — soft ceiling on asking rent; lower-income renter base — watch delinquency; 3,222 units permitted in Bell County in 2024 (246 in 5+ unit buildings).
• This rent runs 36% of the median local income ($37k/yr) — at the standard rent-burdened threshold; future hikes will face affordability resistance.

Forward outlook

• In year one you build about $4k of equity ($924 loan paydown + $3k appreciation (2.3% local appreciation)).
• Bell County population projected at +21% by 2050 — long-run rental-demand tailwind backs the buy-and-hold thesis.
• By year 9, paydown + projected appreciation supports a ~$34k cash-out refi (75% LTV) — recoverable capital for the next deal without selling this one.

Negotiation context

• It's been on market 103 days — a 9% lower offer ($122k) is reasonable based on typical stale-listing flexibility.

Risks & watch-outs

• Climate carrying-cost: major wind risk, 61% chance of damaging wind over 30y; extreme-heat days projected 7→23/yr by 2055 (HVAC capex compounding) — expect insurance premiums to compound above CPI over the hold.

Recommended offer $112,997 (15.5% below list)

Questions for the listing agent

1. What do current leases actually rent for vs. the listed asking? Can we see a recent rent roll and the last 12 months of T-12 income?
2. It's been on market 103 days. Have you received any prior offers? Is the seller open to a 15% concession, seller financing, or rate buy-down credit?
3. Built in 1961 — when were the roof, HVAC, electrical panel, plumbing, and water heater last replaced?
4. Why hasn't it sold? Are there any deal-killer items the seller is aware of (foundation, flood, title, zoning, code violations)?
5. Is there a deadline driving the sale (1031 exchange, divorce, estate, relocation)? That informs how much negotiation room exists.
6. Schools are D-rated, which usually means shorter tenancies and higher turnover. Who's the typical renter profile here, and what's been the actual vacancy rate?
7. Crime grade is D in this area — have there been break-ins, vandalism, or insurance claims at this property in the last 3 years? What carrier currently insures it and at what premium?
8. The area grade is low — what's the realistic commute time and amenity access for the typical tenant pool here? Any planned neighborhood developments (good or bad) we should know about?
9. What's the average days-on-market for RENTAL listings here right now (not sales)? A rising rental-DOM trend means longer vacancies and softer asking-rent achievability than the comps imply.
10. What's the recent tenant-quality profile in this submarket — average credit score on applications, eviction rate, late-payment / NSF rate, and stable-employment percentage? A property-management company in the area should have these aggregated.
11. How much new for-sale + rental construction is in the pipeline within 1–3 miles? Heavy new supply typically softens prices + rents 12–24 months out; constrained supply supports both.

Investment metrics

• 1% rule: 0.85% ✗
• Cap rate: 5.54%
• Cash-on-cash: -2.69%
• DSCR: 0.88
• GRM: 9.9

CMA / ARV

• ARV (median comp): $139,854
• List price: $133,700
• Delta: -4.40%
• Verdict: FAIR
• Comps: 20 within 1.0 mi

Show comp detail 6 sales within ~0.75 mi

Address	Dist	Beds/Ba	Sqft	Sold	Price	$/sf	Match
504 Alexander St	0.08mi	3/1.5	1,218 (-13%)	3mo	$140,300	$115	70
501 N 16th St	0.36mi	4/2.0 (+1)	1,373 (-2%)	3mo	$99,000	$72	69
507 Harbour Ave	0.46mi	3/2.0	1,478 (+6%)	6mo	$130,000	$88	60
502 Cardinal Ave	0.05mi	3/1.5	1,202 (-14%)	16mo	$145,000	$121	59
1602 N 22nd St	0.66mi	3/2.0	1,276 (-9%)	3mo	$196,000	$154	48
508 Brook Dr	0.60mi	3/1.0	1,235 (-12%)	24mo	$95,000	$77	33

Match score weights: distance 35% · size 25% · config 20% · recency 20%. Top-matched comps best support the ARV.

Projected returns pro-forma

2.26% appreciation · 0.0% rent growth · sell at horizon

5-year hold

• IRR: 1.2%
• Equity multiple: 1.06×
• Total profit: $2,347
• Equity at exit: $54,636

10-year hold

• IRR: 3.7%
• Equity multiple: 1.50×
• Total profit: $18,648
• Equity at exit: $80,163

Cash invested: $37,436 (down + closing). Projections, not guarantees.

Landlord ↔ Tenant lean methodology

• Overall (STATE): 87 Strongly Landlord-Friendly
• State Texas: 87 Strongly Landlord-Friendly · R+5
• County: — inherits STATE
• City: — inherits STATE

3-day notice; statewide preemption; one of the fastest eviction climates; Travis County (Austin) slightly slower.

Methodology + full state rankings →

ZIP-level market 76541

• Home prices YoY: 1.4%
• Rents YoY: -2.0%
• Active inventory: 126
• Price-to-rent: 9.9×

Monthly cashflow live

• Estimated rent: $1,130 high
• Mortgage (P&I): −$701
• Tax from tax record: −$220 /mo · $2,637/yr
• Insurance: −$56
• HOA: −$0
• Vacancy / Maint / Mgmt: −$237
• Net cashflow: $-84

Break-even live

Break-even rent $1,236

Max offer price $118,876

Occupancy floor —

Sensitivity live

Price	-10% $-8	-5% $-46	+0% $-84	+5% $-122	+10% $-160
Rent	-10% $-173	-5% $-129	+0% $-84	+5% $-39	+10% $5
Rate	-1.0pp $-17	-0.5pp $-50	base $-84	+0.5pp $-119	+1.0pp $-154

UW: 25.0% down · 7.5% · 30yr · 1.5% tax · 5.0% vac · 8.0% maint · 8.0% mgmt

Financing live

Cash to close

• Down payment: $33,425
• Closing costs: $4,011
• Reserves months: —
• Total cash needed: —

Rent comps 40 comps

Address	Beds	Baths	Sqft	Rent	$/sqft	DOM	Units	Dist
1309 Greenwood Ave Killeen, TX	3.0	1.0	925	$900	$0.97	23d	1	0.01mi
1201 Greenwood Ave Killeen, TX	4.0	2.0	1276	$1,350	$1.06	45d	1	0.10mi
508 Patton Dr Killeen, TX	3.0	1.5	924	$1,150	$1.24	25d	1	0.21mi
715 Cardinal Ave Killeen, TX	3.0	1.0	1142	$800	$0.70	45d	1	0.27mi
501 N 18th St Unit B Killeen, TX	3.0	1.5	1286	$1,250	$0.97	25d	1	0.30mi
905 Parmer Ave Unit A Killeen, TX	3.0	1.0	1672	$750	$0.45	45d	1	0.30mi
705 Crockett Dr Killeen, TX	3.0	1.0	1174	$1,095	$0.93	45d	1	0.32mi
1108 Stewart St Killeen, TX	3.0	1.0	995	$1,150	$1.16	25d	1	0.48mi
506 Powell St Killeen, TX	3.0	1.0	1546	$1,400	$0.91	45d	1	0.50mi
1208 Alexander St Killeen, TX	4.0	3.0	1500	$1,600	$1.07	45d	1	0.53mi
1704 Smith Dr Killeen, TX	2.0	1.0	925	$1,000	$1.08	45d	1	0.55mi
1309 Carol Way Killeen, TX	4.0	2.5	1600	$1,350	$0.84	45d	1	0.55mi
1204 N 18th St Unit B Killeen, TX	3.0	2.0	1200	$1,200	$1.00	45d	1	0.57mi
1703 Smith Dr Killeen, TX	2.0	1.0	1176	$900	$0.77	25d	1	0.57mi
1312 Carol Way Killeen, TX	3.0	1.0	1221	$1,100	$0.90	15d	1	0.58mi
1206 Middleton St Killeen, TX	2.0	1.0	1750	$800	$0.46	45d	1	0.59mi
1701 Elkins Ave Killeen, TX	3.0	1.0	918	$1,000	$1.09	15d	1	0.62mi
801 S W S Young Dr Killeen, TX	3.0	1.0–2.0	1027	$2,043	$1.99	15d	12	0.66mi
1015 N 10th St Unit B Killeen, TX	3.0	2.0	1118	$1,100	$0.98	45d	1	0.67mi
724 Carrie Ave Killeen, TX	3.0	1.0	1100	$1,000	$0.91	45d	1	0.69mi
1901 Poage Ave Killeen, TX	2.0	1.0	1596	$875	$0.55	45d	1	0.81mi
1915 Poage Ave Killeen, TX	2.0	1.0	875	$850	$0.97	45d	1	0.83mi
907 Wells St Killeen, TX	3.0	1.0	1050	$950	$0.90	25d	1	0.83mi
2303 Debra Cir Killeen, TX	3.0	1.5	1617	$1,600	$0.99	25d	1	0.85mi
913 Estelle Ave Killeen, TX	4.0	2.0	1292	$1,445	$1.12	15d	1	0.85mi
209 West Avenue A Unit A Killeen, TX	3.0	2.0	876	$935	$1.07	15d	1	0.87mi
1507 N 8th St Unit 8 Killeen, TX	3.0	2.0	1116	$995	$0.89	25d	1	0.88mi
2701 Stetson Ave #2703 Killeen, TX	2.0	1.0	1536	$800	$0.52	45d	1	0.90mi
2218 Terrace Dr Killeen, TX	3.0	2.0	1772	$1,750	$0.99	15d	1	0.93mi
2307 Terrace Dr Unit C Killeen, TX	3.0	2.0	1203	$850	$0.71	15d	1	0.93mi
1901 N 10th St Unit 3 Killeen, TX	2.0	1.0	920	$745	$0.81	45d	1	0.94mi
710 Stetson Ave Unit 712 Killeen, TX	2.0	1.0	1725	$800	$0.46	45d	1	0.94mi
808 Stetson Ave Unit 806 Killeen, TX	2.0	1.0	1650	$825	$0.50	45d	1	0.97mi
2701 Hillside Dr Killeen, TX	3.0	1.0	924	$995	$1.08	23d	1	0.97mi
2318 Terrace Dr Killeen, TX	3.0	2.0	1370	$1,299	$0.95	46d	1	0.98mi
1809 N W S Young Dr Unit 1B Killeen, TX	2.0	2.0	1200	$1,050	$0.88	45d	1	1.00mi
1111 N College St Unit B Killeen, TX	3.0	2.0	1235	$995	$0.81	15d	1	1.02mi
910 Stetson Ave Unit (SR PnB) 910-912 Stetson Killeen, TX	3.0	1.0	1082	$900	$0.83	25d	1	1.02mi
3107 Atkinson Ave Killeen, TX	1.0–2.0	1.0–2.0	756	$700	$0.93	45d	1	1.05mi
3109 Atkinson Ave Apt 219 Killeen, TX	2.0	2.0	1008	$575	$0.57	45d	1	1.06mi

Listing history 19 events

1. 2026-06-22
   days on market $133,700 Active 103 DOM
2. 2026-06-18
   days on market $133,700 Active 100 DOM
3. 2026-06-17
   days on market $133,700 Active 99 DOM
4. 2026-06-16
   days on market $133,700 Active 98 DOM
5. 2026-06-15
   days on market $133,700 Active 97 DOM
6. 2026-06-14
   days on market $133,700 Active 95 DOM
7. 2026-06-13
   days on market $133,700 Active 94 DOM
8. 2026-06-10
   days on market $133,700 Active 92 DOM
9. 2026-06-09
   days on market $133,700 Active 91 DOM
10. 2026-06-08
    days on market $133,700 Active 90 DOM
11. 2026-06-07
    days on market $133,700 Active 89 DOM
12. 2026-06-03
    days on market $133,700 Active 85 DOM
13. 2026-06-02
    days on market $133,700 Active 84 DOM
14. 2026-06-01
    days on market $133,700 Active 83 DOM
15. 2026-05-31
    days on market $133,700 Active 82 DOM
16. 2026-05-30
    days on market $133,700 Active 81 DOM
17. 2026-03-26
    price $133,700 436-char remark

    Show marketing remark (436 chars)

    Great investment opportunity! This well-maintained home is being sold as is and offers excellent potential. The roof was replaced in 2025, providing added peace of mind for the next owner. The second living area has been completely remodeled, offering flexible space for a family room, or entertainment area. The property features siding on all exterior surfaces and a large fenced backyard, perfect for outdoor enjoyment. Show anytime!

18. 2026-03-10
    listed $140,000 Active 436-char remark

    Show marketing remark (436 chars)

    Great investment opportunity! This well-maintained home is being sold as is and offers excellent potential. The roof was replaced in 2025, providing added peace of mind for the next owner. The second living area has been completely remodeled, offering flexible space for a family room, or entertainment area. The property features siding on all exterior surfaces and a large fenced backyard, perfect for outdoor enjoyment. Show anytime!

19. 1971-01-04
    soldstatus

ⓘ Source: listings_history table (triggers on properties + properties_extension) + one-shot backfill from property_details.listing_events for pre-trigger history.

Tax reassessment forecast TX · Resets to sale price

• Current annual tax: $2,637 · $220/mo
• Projected year-2 tax: $2,637 · $220/mo
• Expected delta: $0/yr ($0/mo · 0.0%)

ⓘ Screening estimate from a state-policy table — verify with the county assessor before closing.

Climate risk First Street

• 🌊 Flood 1/10 Low FEMA zone X (shaded) · 0% chance over 30 yrs
• 🔥 Wildfire 1/10 Low
• 🌡 Heat 7/10 Severe 7 d/yr ≥107°F today · 23 d/yr by 30 yrs out
• 💨 Wind 6/10 Major 61% chance of damaging wind over 30 yrs
• 🫁 Air quality 1/10 Low 0 unhealthy d/yr today · 0 by 30 yrs out

Taxation est. · year 1

• Rental income: $13,560
• − Mortgage interest: −$7,489
• − Property taxes: −$2,637
• − Insurance: −$668
• − Repairs & maintenance: −$1,085
• − Management: −$1,085
• − Depreciation: −$3,889
• Taxable loss: −$3,294
• Est. tax savings @ 24.0%: +$791
• After-tax cash flow: $-216/yr

For passive investors: Depreciation is non-cash, so a rental often shows a tax loss while cash-flowing — sheltering income. Rental losses are passive: they offset passive income freely, and up to $25,000/yr can offset ordinary (W-2) income if you actively participate and your MAGI is under $100k (phasing out to $0 by $150k); unused losses carry forward. On sale, claimed depreciation is recaptured at up to 25%, and gains may owe capital-gains tax (a 1031 exchange can defer both). Figures are a year-1 estimate at your 24.0% rate — not tax advice; consult a CPA.

Schools (NCES district)

• District: Killeen ISD
• NCES district ID: 4825660
• Math proficiency: 31% ▼ -16.00%
• Reading proficiency: 38% ▼ -3.00%
• Median HH income: $47,665
• Composite: 29.69/100
• National rank: #6458
• State rank: #524 of 826 in TX

Livability — Killeen

• Score: 63/100
• State rank: #853
• US rank: #15359

Category grades

Amenities D Commute F Cost of living A+ Crime D- Employment D Housing A+ Health & safety F User ratings F

Schools grade is shown separately in the Schools card above.

Census & demographics

• Census place: Killeen, TX
• County: Bell County · 345,090 people
• City population: 163,398
• Metro: Killeen-Temple, TX
• Population (ZIP): 19,011
• Household income: $37,349
• Rent vs Own: 76.4% rent · 23.6% own
• Severe rent burden: 1668.0

Population outlook (Bell County) Hauer SSP2

• Today (2025): 371,114 people
• By 2030: 389,104 · +4.8%
• By 2040: 420,592 · +13.3%
• By 2050: 447,779 · +20.7%
• By 2075: 499,130 · +34.5%
• By 2100: 505,680 · +36.3%

Race, ethnicity, and origin ACS 2023

• Neighborhood character: Highly diverse neighborhood (Simpson 0.73)
• Race & ethnicity: Hispanic / Latino 32% White 31% Black 27% Two or more races 10% Asian 3% Pacific Islander 1%
• Hispanic origin (detail): Mexican 21% Puerto Rican 6% Dominican 1%
• Common ancestry: Italian 2% Slovak 1% Lithuanian 1%
• Foreign-born: 14% · Canada, Vietnam, South Korea
• Languages at home: 69% English-only · Spanish 25% German/W. Germanic 2% Korean 1%

Political lean MEDSL · Bell

• 2024 margin: R (+16.2) · D 41.3% · R 57.6% · Other 1.1%
• 2008→2024 swing: -6.5pp toward R · 2008: -9.8pp · 2024: -16.2pp
• All cycles: 2024: R+16.2 2020: R+8.5 2016: R+15.1 2012: R+16.4 2008: R+9.8

Not yet ingested

• Civics: —

Market trends

• HPI YoY: ▲ 2.26%
• Current HPI: 168.1206
• Rent YoY: ▼ -2.00%
• Metro: Killeen-Temple, TX
• State GDP YoY: ▲ 3.95%
• F500 in state: 110

Industry mix (Fortune 500 HQ in TX)

Industry	F500 HQs	Revenue
▸Energy	16	$1,198B
▸Technology	5	$198B
▸Engineering / Construction	4	$72B
▸Energy Services	3	$60B
▸Utilities	3	$41B
▸Healthcare	2	$330B

Price history

-4.5% since first listed

3 events — show timeline

• 2026-03-26 Price Changed $133,700 CTXMLS
• 2026-03-10 Listed $140,000 CTXMLS
• 1971-01-04 Sold (Public Records) — Public Records

Property tax history

+8.9%/yr

Latest (2025): $2,637 · +8.7% YoY. Source: county tax records.