3615 Bernice Dr · Bridgeport, MI 48601

$300,000

9 bd · 5.1 ba · 3,850 sqft · MultiFamily · 177 Days on market

Built 1970 0.32 ac lot $78/sqft · 55% above area

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Why this score? — see what drove the C+ grade

The composite is a weighted blend of 9 inputs, each scored 0–100. Each bar is that input's sub-score; the figure is the points it added to the 100-point composite (weight × sub-score).

• Cash flow +28.2/30.0
• DSCR +10.0/10.0
• 1% rule +7.7/10.0
• ARV discount +7.5/15.0
• Livability +2.9/5.0
• Rent growth +2.5/5.0
• Condition / age +2.5/5.0
• Schools +1.0/10.0
• Appreciation +0.0/10.0

Multi-family units

County records classify this as Multi-Family (2-4 Unit). Listing-text estimate: 3 units. confirmed

Listing remarks MLS

Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

Key facts

• Multi-family unit
• Laundry hookups
• 0.32 acre lot

Tags

• MULTI-FAMILY UNIT
• BUILDING HAS BASEMENT
• LAUNDRY HOOKUPS
• VACANT UNITS RENT READY

What this means for you Summary

Snapshot

• This is a 3 × 3-bed/?-bath units multifamily listed at $300k.

Deal economics

• At list price, monthly cash flow is $949 ($11k/yr) — positive. Per door: $316/mo.
• The deal already cash-flows at list — no discount required.
• Meets the 1% rule at list price ($4k rent vs $300k).
• Recommended offer: $264k (12.0% below list) — sets the bar for market timing.
• Cap rate 10.1% vs local median 6.0% in Bridgeport — top-decile yield for the area; either an underpriced asset or a hidden risk that comps aren't pricing in. Stress-test before assuming the spread holds.

Location & tenants

• Location reads 57/100 on livability (#638 in MI) — a working-class tenant base; expect higher turnover. Strengths: cost of living A+, housing A-; Watch: health & safety C-, crime D, schools F.
• Bridgeport-Spaulding Community School District (suburban): math 7% / reading 17% proficiency, ranked #513 of 540 in MI (top 95%) — low school quality limits family demand, transient renter base, plan for 1-2y turnover; 75% free/reduced lunch — lower-income household profile, screen leases tightly.
• Market conditions: 201 active listings in the ZIP; 154 units permitted in Saginaw County in 2024 (0 in 5+ unit buildings).

Forward outlook

• Local home prices are declining (-3.0%/yr); year-one equity from $2k of loan paydown is wiped out by about $9k of value loss. Plan a longer hold.
• Saginaw County population projected at -25% by 2050 — secular population decline; favor cash flow + early exit over multi-decade hold.
• At projected returns (-3.0% appreciation + 3.0% rent growth), your $84k cash investment doubles in ~9 years — after that, you're playing with house money.

Negotiation context

• It's been on market 177 days — a 12% lower offer ($264k) is reasonable based on typical stale-listing flexibility.
• 22 sale attempts since 22y ago; this cycle's ask has dropped $125k (29%) from the opening price — seller is motivated, your offer sets the floor, not the list.
• Current owner paid $225k; 33% above their basis — modest negotiation headroom, anchor on the comps not their cost.

Recommended offer $264,000 (12.0% below list)

Questions for the listing agent

1. It's been on market 177 days. Have you received any prior offers? Is the seller open to a 12% concession, seller financing, or rate buy-down credit?
2. Can we see the unit-by-unit rent roll, current vacancy, and any below-market leases? What's the average tenancy length?
3. What capital expenditures (roof, boiler, parking lot, exteriors) have been made in the last 5 years, and what's planned in the next 2?
4. Built in 1970 — when were the roof, HVAC, electrical panel, plumbing, and water heater last replaced?
5. Why hasn't it sold? Are there any deal-killer items the seller is aware of (foundation, flood, title, zoning, code violations)?
6. Is there a deadline driving the sale (1031 exchange, divorce, estate, relocation)? That informs how much negotiation room exists.
7. Schools are F-rated, which usually means shorter tenancies and higher turnover. Who's the typical renter profile here, and what's been the actual vacancy rate?
8. Crime grade is D in this area — have there been break-ins, vandalism, or insurance claims at this property in the last 3 years? What carrier currently insures it and at what premium?
9. What's the average days-on-market for RENTAL listings here right now (not sales)? A rising rental-DOM trend means longer vacancies and softer asking-rent achievability than the comps imply.
10. What's the recent tenant-quality profile in this submarket — average credit score on applications, eviction rate, late-payment / NSF rate, and stable-employment percentage? A property-management company in the area should have these aggregated.
11. How much new apartment / multifamily construction is in the pipeline within 1–3 miles? Heavy new supply (>2% of stock underway) typically softens rents 12–24 months out; light construction supports rent growth.

Investment metrics

• 1% rule: 1.27% ✓
• Cap rate: 10.09%
• Cash-on-cash: 13.55%
• DSCR: 1.60
• GRM: 6.5

CMA / ARV

• ARV (median comp): $193,313
• List price: $300,000
• Delta: 55.19%
• Verdict: OVERPRICED
• Comps: 5 within 1.0 mi

Show comp detail 2 sales within ~0.75 mi

Address	Dist	Beds/Ba	Sqft	Sold	Price	$/sf	Match
3681 Bernice Dr	0.07mi	10/6.0 (+1)	3,850 (0%)	23mo	$435,000	$113	68
3543 Morganport Dr	0.07mi	8/4.0 (-1)	3,905 (+1%)	20mo	$205,000	$52	68

Match score weights: distance 35% · size 25% · config 20% · recency 20%. Top-matched comps best support the ARV.

Projected returns pro-forma

-3.0% appreciation · 3.0% rent growth · sell at horizon

5-year hold

• IRR: 3.7%
• Equity multiple: 1.14×
• Total profit: $11,856
• Equity at exit: $44,731

10-year hold

• IRR: 13.2%
• Equity multiple: 2.05×
• Total profit: $88,348
• Equity at exit: $25,939

Cash invested: $84,000 (down + closing). Projections, not guarantees.

Landlord ↔ Tenant lean methodology

• Overall (STATE): 62 Landlord-Friendly
• State Michigan: 62 Landlord-Friendly · EVEN
• County: — inherits STATE
• City: — inherits STATE

7-day pay-or-quit; mixed climate; Detroit/AA have some protections.

Methodology + full state rankings →

ZIP-level market 48601

• Home prices YoY: -32.1%
• Active inventory: 201
• Price-to-rent: 19.6×

Monthly cashflow live

• Estimated rent: $3,825 medium
• Mortgage (P&I): −$1,573
• Tax est. 1.5%: −$375 /mo · $4,500/yr
• Insurance: −$125
• HOA: −$0
• Vacancy / Maint / Mgmt: −$803
• Net cashflow: $949

Break-even live

Break-even rent $2,624

Max offer price $300,000

Occupancy floor 70%

Sensitivity live

Price	-10% $1,156	-5% $1,052	+0% $949	+5% $845	+10% $741
Rent	-10% $646	-5% $797	+0% $949	+5% $1,100	+10% $1,251
Rate	-1.0pp $1,100	-0.5pp $1,025	base $949	+0.5pp $871	+1.0pp $792

3-unit breakdown (identical units grouped — click to expand)

Units	Beds	Baths	Est. rent
▸ 3× units	3	—	$3,825
Total (3 units)			$3,825

UW: 25.0% down · 7.5% · 30yr · 1.5% tax · 5.0% vac · 8.0% maint · 8.0% mgmt

Financing live

Cash to close

• Down payment: $75,000
• Closing costs: $9,000
• Reserves months: —
• Total cash needed: —

Listing history 50 events

1. 2026-06-21
   days on market $300,000 Active 177 DOM
2. 2026-06-18
   days on market $300,000 Active 175 DOM
3. 2026-06-17
   days on market $300,000 Active 174 DOM
4. 2026-06-16
   days on market $300,000 Active 173 DOM
5. 2026-06-15
   days on market $300,000 Active 172 DOM
6. 2026-06-13
   days on market $300,000 Active 170 DOM
7. 2026-06-12
   days on market $300,000 Active 169 DOM
8. 2026-06-09
   days on market $300,000 Active 166 DOM
9. 2026-06-08
   days on market $300,000 Active 165 DOM
10. 2026-06-07
    days on market $300,000 Active 164 DOM
11. 2026-06-07
    days on market $300,000 Active 163 DOM
12. 2026-06-04
    days on market $300,000 Active 160 DOM
13. 2026-06-02
    days on market $300,000 Active 159 DOM
14. 2026-06-01
    days on market $300,000 Active 158 DOM
15. 2026-05-31
    days on market $300,000 Active 157 DOM
16. 2026-05-31
    days on market $300,000 Active 156 DOM
17. 2026-05-18
    price $300,000 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

18. 2026-05-18
    price $300,000 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

19. 2026-05-12
    price $315,000 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

20. 2026-05-11
    price $315,000 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

21. 2026-02-19
    price $350,000 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

22. 2026-02-18
    price $350,000 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

23. 2026-02-01
    status Active 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

24. 2026-02-01
    status Active 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

25. 2026-02-01
    historical 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

26. 2026-01-07
    price $375,000 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

27. 2026-01-06
    price $375,000 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

28. 2025-11-12
    price $390,000 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

29. 2025-11-11
    price $385,000 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

30. 2025-11-11
    price $390,000 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

31. 2025-11-11
    price $385,000 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

32. 2025-09-26
    price $399,000 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

33. 2025-09-26
    price $399,000 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

34. 2025-09-02
    status Active 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

35. 2025-09-02
    status Back on Market 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

36. 2025-08-08
    status Pending 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

37. 2025-08-08
    status Pending 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

38. 2025-08-08
    historical 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

39. 2025-07-01
    listed $425,000 Active 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

40. 2025-07-01
    listed $425,000 Active 245-char remark

    Show marketing remark (245 chars)

    Potential Investment Opportunity. Multi-Family unit in Bridgeport Twp. 5 units in building, two are currently leased. Building has basement with laundry hookups. Vacant unit is rent ready. Buyers agent to verify all information in this listing.

41. 2025-06-18
    historical $800
42. 2025-05-01
    listed $800
43. 2024-08-31
    historical $750
44. 2024-08-28
    soldstatus $225,000 Closed
45. 2024-08-28
    soldstatus $225,000
46. 2024-08-19
    status Pending
47. 2024-08-08
    listed $225,000 Active
48. 2024-08-08
    listed $225,000
49. 2024-05-14
    listed $750
50. 2024-05-14
    historical $750

ⓘ Source: listings_history table (triggers on properties + properties_extension) + one-shot backfill from property_details.listing_events for pre-trigger history.

Climate risk First Street

• 🌊 Flood 1/10 Low FEMA zone X (unshaded) · 0% chance over 30 yrs
• 🔥 Wildfire 3/10 Moderate
• 🌡 Heat 2/10 Low 7 d/yr ≥99°F today · 14 d/yr by 30 yrs out
• 💨 Wind 1/10 Low
• 🫁 Air quality 2/10 Low 1 unhealthy d/yr today · 2 by 30 yrs out

Taxation est. · year 1

• Rental income: $45,900
• − Mortgage interest: −$16,805
• − Property taxes: −$4,500
• − Insurance: −$1,500
• − Repairs & maintenance: −$3,672
• − Management: −$3,672
• − Depreciation: −$8,727
• Taxable income: $7,024
• Est. tax owed @ 24.0%: −$1,686
• After-tax cash flow: $9,696/yr

For passive investors: Depreciation is non-cash, so a rental often shows a tax loss while cash-flowing — sheltering income. Rental losses are passive: they offset passive income freely, and up to $25,000/yr can offset ordinary (W-2) income if you actively participate and your MAGI is under $100k (phasing out to $0 by $150k); unused losses carry forward. On sale, claimed depreciation is recaptured at up to 25%, and gains may owe capital-gains tax (a 1031 exchange can defer both). Figures are a year-1 estimate at your 24.0% rate — not tax advice; consult a CPA.

Schools (NCES district)

• District: Bridgeport-Spaulding Community School District
• NCES district ID: 2606780
• Math proficiency: 7% ▼ -4.00%
• Reading proficiency: 17% ▼ -5.00%
• Median HH income: $38,403
• Composite: 10.13/100
• National rank: #9800
• State rank: #513 of 540 in MI

Livability — Bridgeport

• Score: 57/100
• State rank: #638
• US rank: #21636

Category grades

Amenities F Commute F Cost of living A+ Crime D Employment F Housing A- Health & safety C- User ratings A

Schools grade is shown separately in the Schools card above.

Census & demographics

• Census place: Bridgeport, MI
• Population (ZIP): 32,069

Population outlook (Saginaw County) Hauer SSP2

• Today (2025): 180,568 people
• By 2030: 172,302 · -4.6%
• By 2040: 153,919 · -14.8%
• By 2050: 135,519 · -24.9%
• By 2075: 97,199 · -46.2%
• By 2100: 65,037 · -64.0%

Race, ethnicity, and origin ACS 2023

• Neighborhood character: Diverse neighborhood (Simpson 0.56)
• Race & ethnicity: Black 59% White 27% Hispanic / Latino 12% Two or more races 5%
• Hispanic origin (detail): Mexican 10%
• Common ancestry: Romanian 2% Lithuanian 2%
• Foreign-born: 1% · Canada
• Languages at home: 96% English-only · Spanish 4%

Political lean MEDSL · Saginaw

• 2024 margin: Toss-up / Even · D 47.7% · R 51.0% · Other 1.4%
• 2008→2024 swing: -20.6pp toward R · 2008: 17.3pp · 2024: -3.3pp
• All cycles: 2024: R+3.3 2020: D+0.3 2016: R+1.1 2012: D+11.9 2008: D+17.3

Not yet ingested

• Civics: —

Market trends

• HPI YoY: ▼ -93.46%
• Current HPI: 197.3359
• Rent YoY: —
• Metro: —
• State GDP YoY: ▲ 1.37%
• F500 in state: 28

Industry mix (Fortune 500 HQ in MI)

Industry	F500 HQs	Revenue
▸Automotive Parts	3	$48B
▸Automotive	2	$372B
▸Chemicals	1	$45B
▸Automotive Retail	1	$29B
▸Healthcare / Medical Devices	1	$23B
▸Automotive Technology	1	$20B

Price history

+66.8% since first listed

66 events — show timeline

• 2026-05-18 Price Changed $300,000 MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2026-05-18 Price Changed $300,000 REALCOMP
• 2026-05-12 Price Changed $315,000 MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2026-05-11 Price Changed $315,000 REALCOMP
• 2026-02-19 Price Changed $350,000 MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2026-02-18 Price Changed $350,000 REALCOMP
• 2026-02-01 Relisted — REALCOMP
• 2026-02-01 Relisted — MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2026-02-01 Listing Removed — MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2026-01-07 Price Changed $375,000 MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2026-01-06 Price Changed $375,000 REALCOMP
• 2025-11-12 Price Changed $390,000 MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2025-11-11 Price Changed $385,000 MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2025-11-11 Price Changed $390,000 REALCOMP
• 2025-11-11 Price Changed $385,000 REALCOMP
• 2025-09-26 Price Changed $399,000 MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2025-09-26 Price Changed $399,000 REALCOMP
• 2025-09-02 Relisted — REALCOMP
• 2025-09-02 Relisted — MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2025-08-08 Pending — REALCOMP
• 2025-08-08 Pending — MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2025-08-08 Listing Removed — REALCOMP
• 2025-07-01 Listed $425,000 REALCOMP
• 2025-07-01 Listed $425,000 MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2025-06-18 Rental Removed $800 TENANTTURNER2
• 2025-05-01 Listed for Rent $800 TENANTTURNER2
• 2024-08-31 Rental Removed $750 APPFOLIO
• 2024-08-28 Sold (MLS) $225,000 REALCOMP
• 2024-08-28 Sold (MLS) $225,000 MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2024-08-19 Pending — MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2024-08-08 Listed $225,000 REALCOMP
• 2024-08-08 Listed $225,000 MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2024-05-14 Listed for Rent $750 APPFOLIO
• 2024-05-14 Rental Removed $750 APPFOLIO
• 2024-05-09 Listed for Rent $750 APPFOLIO
• 2024-02-01 Sold (MLS) $190,000 MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2024-02-01 Sold (MLS) $190,000 REALCOMP
• 2023-11-17 Rental Removed $675 APPFOLIO
• 2023-11-07 Pending — MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2023-10-16 Relisted — MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2023-10-15 Price Changed $675 APPFOLIO
• 2023-10-13 Relisted — MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2023-10-13 Listing Removed — MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2023-09-21 Price Changed $695 APPFOLIO
• 2023-03-31 Pending — MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2023-03-24 Relisted — MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2023-03-24 Pending — MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2023-03-19 Listed $224,000 MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2023-03-19 Listed $224,000 REALCOMP
• 2021-04-22 Sold (MLS) $163,000 MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2021-04-22 Sold (MLS) $163,000 REALCOMP
• 2021-01-23 Pending — REALCOMP
• 2021-01-23 Pending — MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2021-01-23 Contingent — MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2020-12-19 Listed $199,900 MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2020-12-19 Listed $199,900 REALCOMP
• 2015-03-20 Listing Removed — MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2015-03-20 Listing Removed — REALCOMP
• 2013-04-11 Listed $79,000 MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2013-04-11 Listed $79,000 REALCOMP
• 2011-12-09 Sold (MLS) $63,900 MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2011-10-26 Listing Removed — MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2011-10-10 Listed $63,900 MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2005-02-24 Listing Removed — MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2005-02-22 Sold (MLS) $175,000 MiRealSource-MiMLS
• 2004-12-15 Listed $179,900 MiRealSource-MiMLS